Friday, August 12, 2005

Sejarah penting sepanjang Rejab

PENGHIJRAHAN pertama orang Islam ke Habasyah (Ethiopia) ketika Quraisy menindas mereka adalah antara peristiwa penting yang berlaku pada Rejab, bulan ketujuh dalam kalendar Islam.

Dalam peristiwa ini, enam sahabat termasuk empat perempuan memulakan penghijrahan itu.

Ia dimulai Usman bin Affan berserta isterinya Ruqayyah binti Rasulillah; Abu Huzaifah dan isteri, Abu Salamah dan isteri; Az Zubair; Abdur Rahman bin `Auf; Usman bin Mazd'un; `Amir bin Rabi'ah dan isteri; Abu Busrah bin Abi Raham; Hatib bin Umar; Suhail bin Wahab dan Abdullah bin Mas'ud.

Mereka keluar dari kota Makkah pada tahun kelima selepas pelantikan Rasulullah. Pada Rejab, bulan yang kini dilalui oleh umat Islam, turut mencatatkan perutusan Abdullah bin Jahsh Al Asadiy ke Nakhlah pada bulan ke-17 selepas Hijrah. Peristiwa penting lain pada Rejab termasuk:-

l Peperangan Zi Ushairah' pada tahun kedua Hijrah di kawasan antara Makkah dan Madinah kerana menyekat satu kafilah perdagangan Quraisy yang hendak ke Syam. Tetapi, tidak berlaku sebarang pertempuran kerana kafilah itu terlepas lari.

l Peperangan Qaradah' yang diketuai oleh Zaid bin Harithah. Ia disertai 100 orang bertujuan menyekat satu rombongan perniagaan Quraisy yang menuju ke Iraq. Gerakan itu berhasil menyekat dan menawannya termasuk beberapa harta dan perak.

l Perutusan sekumpulan tentera pimpinan Abu Ubaidah bin Al Jarrah ke Zi Qussah pada tahun keenam Hijrah yang disertai 40 orang. Ia adalah menggertak dan mengajar Bani Tha'labah yang bersiap sedia untuk menyerang Madinah.

Ketika tentera Islam tiba di sana didapati hanya binatang ternakan yang ada, lalu dibawa pulang ke Madinah. Tiada peperangan berlaku.

l Perutusan Zaid bin Harithah yang diketuai Rasulullah pada tahun ketujuh Hijrah ke tempat yang diduduki oleh orang Yahudi seperti Khaibar, Fadak dan Taima' bagi menggertak mereka. Mereka akhirnya membuat perjanjian damai dengan Rasulullah seperti dilakukan oleh penduduk Yahudi Khaibar.

l Peperangan Tabuk pada awal Rejab tahun kesembilan Hijrah. Ia juga dinamakan peperangan kesukaran (al Usrah). Peperangan itu dibiayai oleh sahabat, termasuk Abu Bakar yang menafakahkan semua hartanya iaitu 4,000 dirham. Umar membelanjakan separuh hartanya dan Usman yang membiayai sepertiga daripada tentera itu dengan jumlah paling banyak.

Begitu juga sahabat wanita yang turut sama membiayai tentera dengan membawa harta benda dan mas kahwin mereka.

Bagi sahabat yang tiada berharta, mereka meminta Nabi haiwan tunggangan untuk bersama menyertai peperangan itu, tetapi Rasulullah tidak mendapati binatang tunggangan bagi mereka.

Beberapa sahabat tidak dapat menyertai peperangan itu termasuk Ka'ab bin Malik, Hilal bin Umaiyah dan Murarah bin Ar Rabi'e.

Baginda bersama 30,000 sahabat berserta 10,000 kuda dan 12,000 unta menuju ke Tabuk.

l Pembukaan Damsyik pada tahun ke-14 Hijrah (630 Masihi) secara perdamaian.

Abu Ubaidah dan Khalid bin Al Walid mengepung bandar itu sejak Raibulakhir tahun 14 Hijrah. Akhirnya, penduduk bandar itu bersetuju berdamai dengan membayar separuh daripada hasil gereja, rumah kediaman serta mereka dijamin melakukan sebarang ibadat.

Begitulah perdamaian yang dilakukan oleh orang Islam dengan membiarkan sesuatu masyarakat yang ditakluki mereka untuk melakukan ibadat dengan bebas, menjamin keselamatan diri dan harta mereka, yang akhirnya mereka dapat memahami ajaran Islam dengan baik.

l Pengembalian Baitulmaqdis kepada orang Islam apabila Salahuddin Al Ayyubiy memasukinya pada Jumaat 27 Rejab tahun 583 Hijrah (2 Oktober 1187).

Kemenangan tentera Islam yang dipimpin oleh Yusuf bin Tashfin, ketua pasukan Murabithin dan Al Mu'tamid bin `Abbad, pemimpin tentera Andalusia di peperangan Az Zallaqah.

Peristiwa itu berlaku di bumi Andalusia pada Jumaat, 12 Rejab tahun 479 Hijrah (23 Oktober 1086).

Mereka mengalahkan tentera salib diketuai oleh Al-Fonso Keenam raja Qashtalah.

1 Comments:

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3:39 AM  

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